PILZ繼電器有什么作用(yong)？它跟接觸(chu)器有何(he)不(bu)同？

PILZ繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)廣(guang)義上是(shi)指工業電(dian)(dian)中利(li)用(yong)線圈(quan)流過電(dian)(dian)流產生磁場(chang)，使觸頭閉合，以達到(dao)控制負載(zai)的電(dian)(dian)器(qi)。繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)和(he)(he)接(jie)觸器(qi)都是(shi)電(dian)(dian)氣控制元件，它們在(zai)(zai)結(jie)構和(he)(he)原理上有一(yi)定的相似性，但在(zai)(zai)實際(ji)應用(yong)中還是(shi)存在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些區別(bie)的。

用(yong)途不同(tong)：PILZ繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器首(shou)要作用(yong)是用(yong)來(lai)接通或斷開主電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，接觸器主要用(yong)于遠距離、大容量的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)；繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的首(shou)要作用(yong)是信號檢測、轉換或傳遞等，繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器觸頭只(zhi)能通過小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流一(yi)般在5A以(yi)下，所以(yi)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器一(yi)般用(yong)在控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)里控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)弱信號。

觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)形式不同：PILZ繼(ji)電器(qi)的觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)通常(chang)(chang)(chang)為常(chang)(chang)(chang)開觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)或常(chang)(chang)(chang)閉觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)，而繼(ji)電器(qi)的觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)可以(yi)是常(chang)(chang)(chang)開觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)、常(chang)(chang)(chang)閉觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)或轉換觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)。

繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)是一種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)氣控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)設備(bei)，它主(zhu)要是根(gen)據輸入(ru)量（電(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)等(deng)）的(de)(de)變化(hua)，然后通過電(dian)(dian)磁效應或電(dian)(dian)熱效應等(deng)產生物(wu)理量（如位(wei)移、壓力、熱量等(deng)），從而(er)使被(bei)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)達到(dao)預定目標的(de)(de)一種(zhong)自動開關(guan)。繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)在電(dian)(dian)氣控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)中起著至關(guan)重要的(de)(de)作用，它可以(yi)實現電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)自動控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)、保護和(he)調節等(deng)功能。

繼電器的結構

繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)主(zhu)要由電(dian)磁(ci)系統、觸點(dian)系統和釋放彈簧等部分組成。當繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)輸入量發生(sheng)變化(hua)時，電(dian)磁(ci)系統產生(sheng)的(de)磁(ci)場也會隨之變化(hua)，從而帶動觸點(dian)系統的(de)閉合和斷開，實現(xian)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)控制。繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)一般(ban)有兩個(ge)電(dian)路(lu)，一個(ge)是(shi)控制電(dian)路(lu)，另(ling)一個(ge)是(shi)工作電(dian)路(lu)。

①電磁系統

PILZ繼(ji)電(dian)器系(xi)統是(shi)繼(ji)電(dian)器的(de)核(he)心部分，它主要包(bao)括鐵(tie)(tie)芯、線(xian)圈和鐵(tie)(tie)軛等(deng)。當線(xian)圈通電(dian)時，會(hui)產(chan)生磁場，磁場的(de)大小與電(dian)流的(de)平(ping)方成正(zheng)比。鐵(tie)(tie)芯和鐵(tie)(tie)軛的(de)作用(yong)是(shi)加強(qiang)磁場，提高繼(ji)電(dian)器的(de)動作靈敏(min)度。

②觸點系統

觸(chu)點(dian)系統是繼電(dian)器的(de)(de)執行部分，它主要包(bao)括動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)和(he)靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)。當(dang)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)系統產生的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場達到一(yi)定值時，磁(ci)(ci)場力會(hui)克服(fu)釋(shi)放彈簧(huang)的(de)(de)彈力，使動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)與(yu)靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)閉合，從而(er)實(shi)現電(dian)路的(de)(de)接通(tong)；當(dang)線圈(quan)斷(duan)電(dian)時，磁(ci)(ci)場消失，釋(shi)放彈簧(huang)的(de)(de)彈力會(hui)使動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)與(yu)靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)斷(duan)開，從而(er)實(shi)現電(dian)路的(de)(de)切斷(duan)。

PILZ繼電器線(xian)圈未通電時(shi)處于(yu)斷開(kai)狀態的靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)，稱為“常開(kai)觸(chu)點(dian)"；處于(yu)接通狀態的靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)稱為“常閉觸(chu)點(dian)"。

③釋放彈簧

釋放(fang)彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)是(shi)繼電器(qi)的(de)(de)重要組成部(bu)分，它的(de)(de)作用(yong)是(shi)使(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)系(xi)統在沒有電磁(ci)力(li)作用(yong)下保持斷開狀態(tai)。當(dang)線(xian)圈通電時，磁(ci)場(chang)力(li)會克(ke)服釋放(fang)彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)的(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)力(li)，使(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)系(xi)統閉(bi)合；當(dang)線(xian)圈斷電時，磁(ci)場(chang)消失，釋放(fang)彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)的(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)力(li)會使(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)系(xi)統斷開。

繼電器的種類

常用的繼電器主(zhu)要有以下幾類(lei)：

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是根(gen)據輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)變化來實(shi)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路控(kong)制的(de)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)線(xian)圈(quan)匝數多、導(dao)線(xian)細、阻抗大，常(chang)用在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護中，反映電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)變化，用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保護。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)可分為欠(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

中(zhong)間繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)：的(de)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)之一，它的(de)結構與接觸(chu)器(qi)(qi)基(ji)本(ben)相(xiang)同。具有體積小、動作(zuo)靈敏度(du)高的(de)特點(dian)。中(zhong)間繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)作(zuo)用是(shi)小電(dian)流控制(zhi)大電(dian)流。在負載容量比較(jiao)小時，中(zhong)間繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)可(ke)以代(dai)替小型接觸(chu)器(qi)(qi)。中(zhong)間繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)可(ke)以用于擴展接點(dian)的(de)容量和數量，在控制(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)傳遞中(zhong)間信號。中(zhong)間繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)實(shi)質上是(shi)一種(zhong)電(dian)壓(ya)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)。

電(dian)(dian)流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)：電(dian)(dian)流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是根據輸入電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的變(bian)化來實(shi)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)控制(zhi)的繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。電(dian)(dian)流(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)串入電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，以反映(ying)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的變(bian)化，其線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)匝數少、導線(xian)(xian)粗、阻抗小。

時(shi)間(jian)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)：一(yi)種(zhong)利用(yong)電(dian)磁(ci)原理(li)或機械動作(zuo)原理(li)來延(yan)(yan)遲觸頭閉(bi)合(he)或分斷(duan)的自動控制(zhi)電(dian)器(qi)。在(zai)許多(duo)控制(zhi)系統中，可以使用(yong)時(shi)間(jian)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)來實(shi)現延(yan)(yan)時(shi)控制(zhi)，在(zai)電(dian)路中起到延(yan)(yan)時(shi)閉(bi)合(he)或斷(duan)開的作(zuo)用(yong)。

熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器：當輸入(ru)電(dian)(dian)流產生的(de)熱(re)(re)量達到設(she)定值時，熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器會自動動作，實現電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)切斷，以保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)免(mian)受損壞。熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器主要用于三相電(dian)(dian)動機的(de)過載(zai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、斷相保(bao)(bao)護(hu)或(huo)三相電(dian)(dian)流不(bu)平衡(heng)及其(qi)他電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備發熱(re)(re)狀態的(de)控制。注意：熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)器不(bu)能用作瞬時過載(zai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和短路(lu)(lu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。

壓力(li)繼(ji)電器：壓力(li)繼(ji)電器是(shi)根據(ju)輸入氣體(ti)或液(ye)體(ti)的壓力(li)來實現電路控(kong)制的繼(ji)電器。

PILZ繼電器的主(zhu)要(yao)用途(tu)

①自動控制

繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)可以(yi)根據輸入(ru)量的變(bian)化，通過電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)效應(ying)或電(dian)(dian)熱效應(ying)等產生物理(li)量，與其他電(dian)(dian)器(qi)一起形成程序控制(zhi)(zhi)路線，實現自(zi)動(dong)(dong)化控制(zhi)(zhi)。例如(ru)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的啟動(dong)(dong)、停止和正反轉等。

②電路保護

通(tong)過(guo)(guo)繼電器按(an)觸(chu)點(dian)組合的不同(tong)形式，可以同(tong)時換接、開斷、接通(tong)多路電路，實現對電路的保護(hu)。如過(guo)(guo)載(zai)保護(hu)、短路保護(hu)和漏(lou)電保護(hu)等。

③信號轉換

繼(ji)電器可以(yi)實現信號(hao)的轉(zhuan)換，例(li)如將電信號(hao)轉(zhuan)換為(wei)機(ji)械信號(hao)或氣動信號(hao)等。

④功能擴展

通(tong)過PILZ繼電(dian)器(qi)PILZ繼電(dian)器(qi)可以實現(xian)對電(dian)路功能的擴展，以實現(xian)多路控(kong)(kong)制、順(shun)序控(kong)(kong)制和延時(shi)控(kong)(kong)制等。

繼(ji)電器與接觸(chu)器的(de)區別