淺談PILZ繼電器能測試哪(na)些精(jing)準的參數(shu)

    ①PILZ繼電(dian)器測觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)阻：用萬用表的電(dian)阻擋，測量常閉(bi)(bi)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與動(dong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)阻，其(qi)阻值應為0；而(er)常開(kai)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與動(dong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的阻值就為無窮大。由此可以區(qu)別出(chu)那(nei)個是常閉(bi)(bi)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，那(nei)個是常開(kai)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。 

    ②PILZ繼電(dian)器(qi)測(ce)線圈(quan)(quan)電(dian)阻：可用萬用表R×10擋(dang)測(ce)量繼電(dian)器(qi)線圈(quan)(quan)的阻值，從而判斷該線圈(quan)(quan)是(shi)否存在(zai)著(zhu)開路現(xian)象。 [4]

    ③測量(liang)吸(xi)合電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和吸(xi)合電(dian)流(liu)：用(yong)可(ke)調穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和電(dian)流(liu)表，給繼電(dian)器輸(shu)入一組電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，且在(zai)供電(dian)回路中串入電(dian)流(liu)表進行監(jian)測。慢慢調高電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，聽到繼電(dian)器吸(xi)合的聲音時，記錄(lu)吸(xi)合電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和吸(xi)合電(dian)流(liu)。為求(qiu)準(zhun)確(que)，可(ke)以嘗(chang)試多次求(qiu)平均值。 [4]

    ④測(ce)量釋(shi)(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)(he)釋(shi)(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)：也是像上(shang)述那樣連(lian)接測(ce)試(shi)，當繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器發(fa)生吸(xi)合(he)(he)后，再(zai)逐(zhu)漸(jian)降低供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，當聽到繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器再(zai)次發(fa)生釋(shi)(shi)放聲音時，記下此(ci)時的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，亦(yi)可嘗(chang)試(shi)多(duo)次而取得平均的釋(shi)(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)(he)釋(shi)(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。一般情況下，繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的釋(shi)(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為吸(xi)合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的10%~50%如(ru)果釋(shi)(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大小(小于1/10的吸(xi)合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓)，則不能正(zheng)常使用，這(zhe)樣會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的穩定性造成威脅(xie)，使工作不。 [4]

    符號(hao)表示方法編輯(ji) 語音

    PILZ繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)線圈在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)用(yong)一(yi)(yi)個長(chang)(chang)方框(kuang)(kuang)符(fu)號表示(shi)，如果繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)兩個線圈，就畫兩個并(bing)列的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)方框(kuang)(kuang)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)在(zai)長(chang)(chang)方框(kuang)(kuang)內(nei)或長(chang)(chang)方框(kuang)(kuang)旁(pang)標上(shang)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)文字(zi)(zi)符(fu)號“J"。繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)觸(chu)點有(you)兩種(zhong)表示(shi)方法：一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是把(ba)它們直(zhi)接(jie)畫在(zai)長(chang)(chang)方框(kuang)(kuang)一(yi)(yi)側，這種(zhong)表示(shi)法較為(wei)直(zhi)觀。另一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是按照電(dian)(dian)(dian)路連接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)需要，把(ba)各個觸(chu)點分別(bie)畫到(dao)各自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)，通常在(zai)同(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)觸(chu)點與(yu)線圈旁(pang)分別(bie)標注上(shang)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)文字(zi)(zi)符(fu)號，并(bing)將觸(chu)點組編(bian)上(shang)號碼，以(yi)示(shi)區(qu)別(bie)。 [6]

    PILZ繼電器(qi)的觸點有3種(zhong)基本(ben)形(xing)式(shi)： [6]

    (1)動合型（常開，H型）線圈(quan)不通(tong)電(dian)時兩(liang)觸點是斷(duan)開的(de)(de)，通(tong)電(dian)后兩(liang)個觸點閉合。以“合"字(zi)的(de)(de)拼音字(zi)頭“H"表示。

    (2)動斷型（常(chang)閉(bi)，D型）線圈不通(tong)電時兩(liang)觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)是閉(bi)合(he)的，通(tong)電后兩(liang)個觸(chu)(chu)點(dian)斷開。用(yong)“斷"字的拼音(yin)字頭“D"表示。

    (3)轉(zhuan)換(huan)型(Z型)是觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)組型。這種觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)組共有3個(ge)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)，即(ji)中(zhong)間是動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)，上(shang)下各一個(ge)靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)。線(xian)圈(quan)不通電時，動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)和(he)其中(zhong)一個(ge)靜(jing)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)，和(he)另一個(ge)閉合(he)(he)；線(xian)圈(quan)通電后，動(dong)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)就移(yi)動(dong)，使原來斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)呈閉合(he)(he)狀態，原來閉合(he)(he)的(de)(de)呈斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)狀態，達到轉(zhuan)換(huan)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。這樣的(de)(de)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)組稱為轉(zhuan)換(huan)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)。用“轉(zhuan)"字的(de)(de)拼音字頭“Z"表示(shi)

    PILZ繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備(主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji))的(de)過(guo)(guo)負荷保(bao)護(hu)。熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)熱效應原理工作的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，它具有(you)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)容(rong)許過(guo)(guo)載(zai)特性相(xiang)近的(de)反時限(xian)動(dong)(dong)作特性，主(zhu)要(yao)與接觸器(qi)(qi)配合使(shi)用，用于對(dui)三相(xiang)異步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)過(guo)(guo)負荷和斷(duan)相(xiang)保(bao)護(hu)三相(xiang)異步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)在(zai)實際運(yun)行中，常(chang)(chang)會遇到因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)或機(ji)械原因等引起的(de)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(過(guo)(guo)載(zai)和斷(duan)相(xiang))現象。如果過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不(bu)(bu)嚴重，持續時間短(duan)，繞組不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)(guo)允許溫升(sheng)，這種(zhong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)允許的(de);如果過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)情況嚴重，持續時間較長，則會加(jia)快電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)絕(jue)緣老化(hua)，甚至燒毀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)，因此(ci)，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)回路中應設置電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)保(bao)護(hu)裝置。常(chang)(chang)用的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)保(bao)護(hu)裝置種(zhong)類很多，使(shi)用多、的(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)金(jin)屬片式熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。雙(shuang)金(jin)屬片式熱繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)均(jun)為三相(xiang)式，有(you)帶(dai)(dai)斷(duan)相(xiang)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)和不(bu)(bu)帶(dai)(dai)斷(duan)相(xiang)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)兩(liang)種(zhong)。 [

    PILZ繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)在控制電(dian)(dian)路中用(yong)(yong)于時間的(de)控制。其(qi)種類(lei)很(hen)多(duo)，按其(qi)動(dong)作原理可(ke)分(fen)為電(dian)(dian)磁式(shi)、空氣(qi)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)尼(ni)式(shi)、電(dian)(dian)動(dong)式(shi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)式(shi)等，按延時方式(shi)可(ke)分(fen)為通電(dian)(dian)延時型和(he)斷電(dian)(dian)延時型。空氣(qi)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)尼(ni)式(shi)時間繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)是利用(yong)(yong)空氣(qi)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)尼(ni)原理獲得延時的(de)，它由(you)電(dian)(dian)磁機構(gou)、延時機構(gou)和(he)觸(chu)頭系統(tong)3部(bu)分(fen)組成。電(dian)(dian)磁機構(gou)為直動(dong)式(shi)雙E型鐵心(xin)，觸(chu)頭系統(tong)借(jie)用(yong)(yong)I-X5型微動(dong)開關，延時機構(gou)采用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)囊式(shi)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)尼(ni)器(qi)。 [8]

    性編輯 語(yu)音

    1、環(huan)境(jing)對繼(ji)(ji)電器性的影響：繼(ji)(ji)電器工作在(zai)GB和SF下的平均(jun)故障間隔時間高，達到820000h，而在(zai)NU環(huan)境(jing)下，僅60000h。 [9]

    2、質量(liang)等(deng)級(ji)對繼電器(qi)性(xing)的影(ying)響(xiang)：當選(xuan)用A1質量(liang)等(deng)級(ji)的繼電器(qi)時(shi)，平均故障(zhang)間隔時(shi)間可達3660000h，而選(xuan)用C等(deng)級(ji)的繼電器(qi)平均故障(zhang)間隔時(shi)間為110000，其(qi)間相差33倍，可見繼電器(qi)的質量(liang)等(deng)級(ji)對其(qi)性(xing)能(neng)的影(ying)響(xiang)非常大。 [9]

    3、觸點形(xing)式對繼(ji)(ji)電器性(xing)的影(ying)響：繼(ji)(ji)電器的觸點形(xing)式也會對其性(xing)產生影(ying)響，單(dan)擲(zhi)型繼(ji)(ji)電器的性(xing)都(dou)高于(yu)相同刀數的雙(shuang)擲(zhi)型繼(ji)(ji)電器，同時隨刀數的增加性(xing)逐漸降(jiang)低(di)，單(dan)刀單(dan)擲(zhi)繼(ji)(ji)電器的平均故障間隔(ge)時間是四(si)刀雙(shuang)擲(zhi)繼(ji)(ji)電器的5.5倍。 [9]

    4、結構類型(xing)(xing)對繼(ji)電器性的影(ying)響：繼(ji)電器結構類型(xing)(xing)共(gong)有24種，不同類型(xing)(xing)均對其性產(chan)生影(ying)響。