NORGREN電磁閥閥門常用(yong)的法蘭墊(dian)片的幾種形(xing)式

    NORGREN電磁閥(fa)閥(fa)門(men)如今在(zai)各種選(xuan)礦(kuang)廠(chang)中(zhong)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)十分廣泛的(de)(de)，而一(yi)般(ban)被用(yong)(yong)(yong)于各種管路中(zhong)做節(jie)流(liu)、斷流(liu)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)。而閥(fa)門(men)中(zhong)的(de)(de)法(fa)蘭連接是(shi)非常(chang)之(zhi)重要的(de)(de)，它(ta)是(shi)管道是(shi)否(fou)出現(xian)泄漏的(de)(de)關鍵的(de)(de)所(suo)在(zai)。因此在(zai)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)時候(hou)需要特別的(de)(de)注意(yi)。

    1、纏(chan)繞式墊(dian)片(pian)

    在(zai)NORGREN電磁閥閥門鏈接中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)纏(chan)繞(rao)式(shi)(shi)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)讓法蘭(lan)沒有(you)間(jian)隙(xi)，可(ke)能外(wai)表上(shang)看(kan)起(qi)來(lai)有(you)間(jian)隙(xi)，但(dan)實際是(shi)沒有(you)間(jian)隙(xi)的(de)(de)。纏(chan)繞(rao)式(shi)(shi)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)密封(feng)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)閥體止口深度(du)控(kong)(kong)(kong)翩(pian)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)量(liang)(liang)而(er)實現的(de)(de)。纏(chan)繞(rao)式(shi)(shi)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)量(liang)(liang)一般為在(zai)壓(ya)緊墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)結構設計(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，纏(chan)繞(rao)式(shi)(shi)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)厚度(du)高出閥體止口深度(du)當中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)法蘭(lan)兩(liang)平面靠緊后(hou)，此時(shi)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)綰量(liang)(liang)即在(zai)規(gui)定范圍內(nei)。在(zai)工況條件下(xia)，隨溫度(du)的(de)(de)變化，由(you)螺(luo)(luo)栓伸長而(er)減小的(de)(de)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)處(chu)密封(feng)比壓(ya)，可(ke)以靠墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)回彈性(xing)來(lai)補償(chang)，從而(er)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)法蘭(lan)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)處(chu)不發生泄漏墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)量(liang)(liang)也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)(luo)栓旋緊力(li)(li)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，其(qi)目的(de)(de)是(shi)既要(yao)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)處(chu)有(you)足夠的(de)(de)密封(feng)比壓(ya)又(you)不至過載(zai)，以便(bian)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)回彈性(xing)。如(ru)果不控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)螺(luo)(luo)栓的(de)(de)旋緊力(li)(li)，并(bing)其(qi)力(li)(li)過大時(shi)，墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)會因(yin)塑性(xing)變形而(er)失(shi)去回彈性(xing)，甚至破壞墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)結構。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)螺(luo)(luo)栓旋緊力(li)(li)的(de)(de)方法來(lai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)綰量(liang)(liang)，在(zai)結構設計(ji)(ji)上(shang)就可(ke)以給纏(chan)繞(rao)式(shi)(shi)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片(pian)(pian)以較(jiao)大的(de)(de)變形自由(you)度(du)．這種(zhong)結構的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)法蘭(lan)可(ke)有(you)間(jian)隙(xi)。

    2、金屬波(bo)形(xing)墊片

    NORGREN電磁閥金屬波形墊(dian)片由厚度(du)約0.8mm的(de)(de)軟鋼經沖壓(ya)(ya)或滾壓(ya)(ya)于(yu)(yu)墊(dian)片表面(mian)并形成波紋形。墊(dian)片被壓(ya)(ya)緊后，由波峰的(de)(de)變形而使中法蘭達到(dao)密封。由于(yu)(yu)墊(dian)片很薄，變形后其厚度(du)僅0.5mm為左右，所以看(kan)不到(dao)法蘭有明顯的(de)(de)間隙(xi)，基(ji)本上屬于(yu)(yu)體'無問隙(xi)

    3、柔性石墨復合墊片

    柔(rou)性石墨(mo)復(fu)合墊片的(de)中間為(wei)0.5mm厚的(de)碳鋼板或不銹鋼板，鋼板的(de)上下面有(you)柔(rou)性石墨(mo)層覆(fu)蓋，總厚度約為(wei)0.3mm.這種墊片壓縮后有(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)回彈(dan)性，且不會因為(wei)壓緊(jin)力過大而(er)導致墊片的(de)破壞，所以(yi)中法蘭存有(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)間隙。

    4、橡膠石棉板(ban)墊(dian)片(pian)

    NORGREN電磁閥橡膠石棉板墊(dian)片適用于低壓及水系(xi)統的(de)(de)工(gong)況。這種(zhong)墊(dian)片的(de)(de)變形量小，回彈性較差。如果在高溫的(de)(de)工(gong)況下使用，螺栓受溫度的(de)(de)影響而伸長(chang)，墊(dian)片不能由其回彈性來補償所產生的(de)(de)間隙，而只(zhi)有(you)增大壓緊力使中(zhong)法(fa)蘭保持(chi)密封。使用這種(zhong)墊(dian)片作為密封件，法(fa)蘭就(jiu)必須有(you)隙。

    也正是(shi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)多(duo)年采(cai)用橡膠石棉板墊片的習(xi)慣，使得一些使用單位體(ti)不管法(fa)蘭(lan)墊片采(cai)用的什(shen)么材(cai)質和形式而一律要(yao)求(qiu)法(fa)蘭(lan)必須有問隙(xi)。實際上(shang)，現在(zai)用于(yu)(yu)石化企(qi)業工藝(yi)管線上(shang)的閥門(men)已基(ji)本不再采(cai)用橡膠石體(ti)棉板墊片。

    單螺(luo)桿(gan)泵密封(feng)是(shi)靠兩個垂直于旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸線的(de)(de)光(guang)潔(jie)而(er)平整的(de)(de)表面(mian)，在加荷裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)作(zuo)用下，互(hu)相(xiang)緊密貼合并作(zuo)相(xiang)對轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動構(gou)成的(de)(de)密封(feng)裝(zhuang)置，它由(you)動環(huan)(huan)(huan)、靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)和動靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)密封(feng)圈組(zu)成。構(gou)成單螺(luo)桿(gan)泵密封(feng)的(de)(de)基本元件有：動環(huan)(huan)(huan)、靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)、動環(huan)(huan)(huan)密封(feng)圈、靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)(huan)密封(feng)圈、軸套(tao)、壓蓋、彈簧等(deng)。

    二、單螺(luo)桿泵(beng)密封(feng)基(ji)本元(yuan)件的作用和要求：

    ①端面密(mi)封(feng)副（靜(jing)、動環(huan)(huan)）。端面密(mi)封(feng)副的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用是使密(mi)封(feng)面緊(jin)密(mi)貼(tie)(tie)合(he)，防止介質(zhi)泄漏。它(ta)要求靜(jing)、動環(huan)(huan)具有(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)耐磨(mo)性(xing)，動環(huan)(huan)可以軸向(xiang)靈(ling)活地移動，自(zi)動補償密(mi)封(feng)面磨(mo)損(sun)，使之與靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)良(liang)(liang)(liang)地貼(tie)(tie)合(he);靜(jing)環(huan)(huan)具有(you)(you)浮動性(xing)，起緩(huan)沖(chong)作(zuo)(zuo)用。為此(ci)密(mi)封(feng)面要求有(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)加工質(zhi)量，密(mi)封(feng)副有(you)(you)良(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)貼(tie)(tie)合(he)性(xing)能。

    ②彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)元件（彈(dan)簧、波紋(wen)管）。它主(zhu)要起補償和緩(huan)沖的(de)作用，要求始終保持足夠的(de)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)來克服(fu)輔(fu)助密封、傳(chuan)動件的(de)摩擦(ca)和動環(huan)等(deng)的(de)慣(guan)性(xing)(xing)，端面(mian)密封副良的(de)貼合(he)和動環(huan)的(de)追隨性(xing)(xing)，材料(liao)要求耐(nai)(nai)腐蝕、耐(nai)(nai)疲勞。

    ③輔助密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)（o形(xing)圈、V形(xing)圈、U形(xing)圈、楔形(xing)圈和異形(xing)圈）。它主要(yao)起靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)和動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)作用，同時也起到(dao)浮(fu)動(dong)(dong)和緩沖(chong)作用。要(yao)求靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)元件能靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)壓蓋之間的(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)性和靜環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)有一定的(de)浮(fu)動(dong)(dong)性，動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)元件能動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)與(yu)軸或(huo)軸套之間的(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)性和動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)浮(fu)動(dong)(dong)性。材料要(yao)求耐熱、耐寒并能與(yu)介質相(xiang)容。

    ④傳(chuan)(chuan)動件（傳(chuan)(chuan)動銷、傳(chuan)(chuan)動環、傳(chuan)(chuan)動座、傳(chuan)(chuan)動鍵(jian)、傳(chuan)(chuan)動突耳或牙嵌式聯結器(qi)）。它起到將(jiang)軸的(de)轉矩傳(chuan)(chuan)給動環的(de)作用。材(cai)料要求耐(nai)(nai)磨(mo)和耐(nai)(nai)腐蝕。

    ⑤緊固件(jian)(jian)（緊定(ding)螺釘、彈(dan)簧座、壓(ya)蓋(gai)、組裝(zhuang)套、軸套）。它起(qi)到(dao)靜、動環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)定(ding)位(wei)(wei)、緊固的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，要(yao)求(qiu)軸向定(ding)位(wei)(wei)正確，一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)簧壓(ya)縮量，使密(mi)(mi)封(feng)副的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面處(chu)于(yu)正確的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置并保持良的(de)(de)(de)貼合(he)。同時要(yao)求(qiu)拆裝(zhuang)方便、容易就(jiu)位(wei)(wei)、能重復利用(yong)。與輔助(zhu)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)配(pei)合(he)處(chu)，安裝(zhuang)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)要(yao)有導向倒(dao)角和壓(ya)彈(dan)量，應特別注意動環(huan)輔助(zhu)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)件(jian)(jian)與軸套配(pei)合(he)處(chu)要(yao)求(qiu)耐(nai)磨損和耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)，有必要(yao)時與軸套配(pei)合(he)處(chu)可采用(yong)硬(ying)面覆層(ceng)。

    三、平(ping)衡型(xing)和非平(ping)衡型(xing)密封的劃分：

    根(gen)據介質壓力(li)在(zai)端面上所引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)比壓卸(xie)載(zai)(zai)(zai)情況分為平衡(heng)型(xing)和(he)非平衡(heng)型(xing)兩種(zhong)類型(xing)。不卸(xie)載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)稱非平衡(heng)型(xing)，卸(xie)載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)稱平衡(heng)型(xing)，部(bu)分卸(xie)載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)稱部(bu)分平衡(heng)型(xing)，全(quan)(quan)部(bu)卸(xie)載(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)稱全(quan)(quan)平衡(heng)型(xing)。